Benefits of Social Networking

The Benefits of Social Networking Social media sites do more good than bad. They allow people to reconnect and create relationships, show creative expression in a new medium, and also bring people that share common interests together. Mark Zuckerberg said, â€Å"At Facebook, we build tools to help people connect with the people they want and share what they want, and by doing this we are extending people's capacity to build and maintain relationships. † Social media sites allow people to create new relationships and give them the opportunity to reconnect with friends and family.Increasing communication, even without being able to see a person, strengthens a relationship. Mike Chalmers wrote an article in USA Today that was about military families using Facebook and Skype to contact their families. Army Maj. Thomas Murphy would Skype with his wife and two daughters almost daily while his year in Iraq. â€Å"You could break away from the monotony of everyday stress and feel lik e you're back home for a bit,† said Murphy, (Chalmers). The connection made his deployment more bearable and eased his return home, said his wife.Bianca Murphy said, â€Å"He was part of their day-to-day life, so there was no adjustment that this was some stranger in a uniform,† (Chalmers). Some people have been able to keep friendships going after high school with social networking sites. Even though they can’t see that person as much as they once did they can see what’s still going on in their life. They’ve also been able to start new ones with the people they meet at college or work. Social media sites also allow for creative expression through blogging, messaging, photo storage, and much more.AC. Lowney and T. O’Brien presented a case of a 30-year-old patient with pontine glioblastoma multiform. On admission to the Specialist Palliative Care Inpatient Unit, he had a complete right hemiplegia. He would communicate with the staff by using t he notepad function of his iPad, and he would also use his iPad to update his blog. He’d updated the blog on an almost daily basis, describing his physical and psychological status, (Lowney). His blog also had messages of support from others with similar diagnoses.Blogging was this patient’s way to express the existential distress he was feeling since he was diagnosed with pontine glioblastoma multiform. He felt cheated on life, and being unable to hold his 1-year-old son was dreadful to him, (Lowney). Social media sites are a great way to express thoughts and feelings. Blogging is able to help people emotionally heal by connecting with people who also have the same problems and receive advice. Blogging is a creative way to inspire people, (Lowney). Finally, social media sites have the ability to bring people with common interests together. Highlight, works by rummaging through your Facebook account to see whom you know and what topics you like, (McCracken). It uses yo ur iPhone's GPS to inform you when a fellow conference attendee who's a former co-worker's buddy is in your immediate vicinity or when a good-looking patron who loves the same bands you do sits down at the other end of the bar,† (McCracken). Social media sites like Facebook, give people the ability to click on pages you’re interested to see other people with the same interest.Also, people who have a difficulty communicating in person could be more comfortable interacting over the sites, (McCracken). In conclusion, social media sites are able more good than bad. They allow people to reconnect and create relationships, show creative expression in a new medium, and also bring people together that share common interests. â€Å"The thing that we are trying to do at Facebook, is just help people connect and communicate more efficiently,† (Zuckerberg).

Outline of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt

Introduction Throughout history, humans have been migrating in and out and settling in different areas of the region. Migrating and settling causes people to come together and spread their ideas to others which causes civilizations. Each civilization is created to be equal but separate in their own ways. They are all related to each other in different ways. They have shared similar beliefs, experiences and obstacles. They are both unique culturally, politically and socially. * Thesis: Two civilizations which are similar and different individually are Egypt and Mesopotamia.II. Differences * Geographical Differences 1. Egypt developed North and South hugging the banks of the Nile River Valley. * The Nile River systematically floods which flooded the surrounding banks and made the soil exceptionally rich. * Egypt bordered on the side of sea and dessert which was difficult to invade and conquer it. 2. Mesopotamia has the Tigris and Euphrates River, commonly referred to â€Å"Fertile Cre scent. † * Mesopotamia was formed in between these two rivers. * When Mesopotamia has a flood, they are forced to supply their agricultural lands. Mesopotamia land was easily opened for attack. * Writing Differences 1. Egypt created Hieroglyphics which developed from pictographs to advanced letters. 2. Mesopotamia created cuneiforms which are wedged shaped characters * Political Differences 1. Egypt had a Pharaoh which was passed down from father to son that established a long lasting dynasty. * The Pharaoh was viewed as god-liked and has magical powers. 2. Mesopotamia had a king but their king was usually deposed by invading forces due to the area's poor defensive position. Social Differences 1. In Egypt females had more opportunities to rise in life 2. Mesopotamia had different classes of slaves but all were still treated as properties. * Cultural Differences 1. Egypt did not have a law system set at the time 2. Mesopotamia had the Hammurabi Code which were orders given to c haotic places* Egypt had a longer continuous civilization than Mesopotamia III. Similarities * They were both similar by being polytheistic, believing in more than one god * They both later moved to a sort of monarchy Both of their system led to the creation of strict social classes that usually included a class for priests, traders, farmers and laborers. * Egypt and Mesopotamia both created pyramid structures * These two civilizations both first developed advance systems of writing. * Egypt and Mesopotamia created calendars beginning with the sun’s or moon’s cycle * These two civilizations both used their main rivers for trades and access to a major source of freshwater. * They used their river valleys for water for fertile crops and both have floods. Both of these civilization has structures which organizes classes within groups IV. Conclusion * Restate thesis * Till this day, ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia are still known as a huge impact in history. * Brief summary of the important similarities and differences * Why was the history of these two civilizations important? * What were some things that these civilization spread throughout and the result of it? * How are these two civilization related to today? * Analysis of this essay * End with a personal statement

American Temperance Society

The American Temperance Society (ATS), first known as the American Society for the Promotion of Temperance, was established in Boston, Massachusetts on February 13, 1826. The organization was co-founded by two Presbyterian ministers, Dr. Justin Edwards and the better-known Lyman Beecher. * Formation of the American Temperance Society marked the beginning of the first formal national temperance movement in the US. * The Temperance Movement was an organized effort during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to limit or outlaw the consumption and production of alcoholic beverages in the United States. By the mid 1830s, more than 200,000 people belonged to this organization. The American Temperance Society published tracts and hired speakers to depict the negative effects of alcohol upon people. Lyman Beecher was a prominent theologian, educator and reformer in the years before the American Civil War. * Lyman Beecher was a prominent theologian, educator and reformer in the years before the American Civil War. Beecher was born in 1775, in New Haven, Connecticut. He graduated from Yale College in 1797 and was ordained in the Presbyterian Church in 1799. He became a minister in Long Island, New York. In 1810, he accepted a position as minister in Litchfield, Connecticut. He became well known for his fiery sermons against intemperance and slavery. In 1826, he resigned his position in Litchfield and accepted a new one in Boston, Massachusetts. By this point, his reputation had spread across the United States. The church in Boston had more money to pay a minister of his standing. It also had a much larger congregation. In 1830, Beecher's church caught fire. A merchant who rented some rooms in the church stored whiskey in the basement. The whiskey somehow ignited. Beecher took this as a personal affront considering the sermons he delivered in the church's sanctuary against the evils of liquor. Neal Dow, temperance reformer, born in Portland, Maine, 20 March 1804. He is of Quaker parentage, attended the Friends' academy in New Bedford, Massachusetts, and was trained in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits. He was chief engineer of the Portland fire department in 1839, and in 1851 and again in 1854 was elected mayor of the City. He became the champion of the project for the prohibition of the liquor traffic, which was first advocated y James Appleton in his report to the Maine legislature in 1837, and in various speeches while a member of that body. * Through Mr. Dow's efforts, while he was mayor, the Maine liquor law, prohibiting under severe penalties the sale of intoxicating beverages, was passed in 1851. After drafting the bill, which he called â€Å"A bill for the suppression of drinking houses and tippling shops,† he submitted it to the principal friends of temperance in the City, but they all objected to its radical character, as certain to insure its defeat. It provided for the search of places where it was suspected that liquors intended for sale were kept, for the seizure, condemnation, and confiscation of such liquors, if found; and for the punishment of the persons keeping them by fine and imprisonment. Maine Law of 1851, The law was forced into existence by the mayor of Portland, Neal S. Dow. Its passage prohibited the sale of alcohol except for medical or manufacturing purposes. By 1855, there were 12 states in the U. S who joined Maine in what became known as the â€Å"dry† states. And the states which allowed alcohol were dubbed â€Å"wet† states. – The act was very unpopular among many working class people and many immigrants. That is when opposition to the law turned deadly by June 2, 1855 in Portland, Maine. It was rumored that Neal S. Dow was keeping a vast supply of alcohol within the city while denying it to the citizens of Portland. He was then called the â€Å"Napoleon of Temperance,† and to others, an unadulterated hypocrite. The alcohol which was allowed into Portland was supposed to be used for medicinal and mechanical reasons were valued at about $1,600. It was distributed to doctors and pharmacists as authorized by the Maine law. – The Irish immigrant population of Portland, Maine was vocal critics of the Maine Law. They saw it as a thinly disguised attack on their culture based on stereotypes. The Irish community already distrusted Neal S. Dow. The Maine law that Dow sponsored had a mechanism whereby any three voters could apply for a search warrant based on suspicion of someone illegally selling liquor. † The Father of American Education†,† Horace Mann, was born in Franklin, Massachusetts, in 1796. Mann's schooling consisted only of brief and erratic periods of eight to ten weeks a year. Mann educated himself by reading ponderous volumes from the Franklin Town Library. This self education, combined with the fruits of a brief period of study with an intinerant school master, was sufficient to gain him admission to the sophomore class of Brown University in 1816†³ (4, Cremin). He went on to study law at Litchfield Law School and finally received admission to the bar in 1823 (15, Filler). In the year 1827 Mann won a seat in the state legislature and in 1833 ran for State Senate and won. Horace Mann felt that a common school would be the â€Å"great equalizer. † Poverty would most assuredly disappear as a broadened popular intelligence tapped new treasures of natural and material wealth. He felt that through education crime would decline sharply as would a host of moral vices like violence and fraud. In sum, there was no end to the social good which might be derived from a common school -In 1848 Mann resigned as Secretary of Education and went on to the U. S. House of Representatives and then took the post of President of Antioch College in 1852. He stayed at the college until his death in August 27, 1859. Two months before that he had given his own valedictory in a final address to the graduating class; † I beseech you to treasure up in your hearts these my parting words: Be ashamed to die until you have won some victory for Humanity† (27, Cremin). – Mann had won his victory as the public school soon stood as one of the characteristic features of American life – A â€Å"wellspring† of freedom and a â€Å"ladder of opportunity† for millions. William McGuffey, U. S. educator remembered chiefly for his series of elementary readers. McGuffey taught in the Ohio frontier schools and then at Miami University (1826 – 36). His elementary school series, starting with The Eclectic First Reader, was published between 1836 and 1857. Collections of didactic tales, aphorisms, and excerpts from great books, the readers reflect McGuffey's view that the proper education of young people required their introduction to a wide variety of topics and practical matters. They became standard texts in nearly all states for the next 50 years and sold more than 125 million copies. In these years McGuffey also served as president of Cincinnati College (1836 – 39) and of Ohio University, Athens (1839 – 43). He was a founder of the common school system of Ohio. In 1845 he was elected to the chair of mental and moral philosophy at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, a position he held until his death. Noah Webster published his first dictionary of the English language in 1806, and in 1828 published the first edition of his An American Dictionary of the English Language. The work came out in 1828 in two volumes. It contained 12,000 words and from 30,000 to 40,000 definitions that had not appeared in any earlier dictionary. In 1840 the second edition, corrected and enlarged, came out, in two volumes. He completed the revision of an appendix a few days before his death, which occurred in New Haven on the 28th of May 1843. * Webster changed the spelling of many words in his dictionaries in an attempt to make them more phonetic. Many of the differences between American English and other English variants evident today originated this way. The modern convention of having only one acceptable and correct spelling for a word is due mostly to the efforts of Webster, in standardizing spelling. Prior to this, the popular sentiment toward spelling might have best been summed up by Benjamin Franklin who said that he â€Å"had no use for a man with but one spelling for a word. † * produced his own modern English translation of the Bible in 1833. Though an excellent and highly accurate translation, Webster’s Bible was not widely accepted, due to the continued popularity of the ancient King James version. It was, however, was the most significant English language translation of the scriptures to be done since the King James version of more than 200 years earlier. Mary Lyon, American educator, founder of Mt. Holyoke College, b. Buckland, Mass. She attended three academies in Massachusetts; later she taught at Ashfield, Mass. , Londonderry, N. H. , and Ipswich, Mass. Interested in promoting the higher education of women, she won the aid of several influential men and succeeded (1837) in establishing Mt.  Holyoke Female Seminary (later Mt. Holyoke College) at South Hadley, Mass. She served as principal for 12 years, directing the development of a well-rounded college program and emphasizing the principle of service to others. Emma Willard, Educator. Born Emma Hart on February 23, 1787, in Berlin, Connecticut. Emma Willard is remembered for her trailblazing efforts on behalf of women’s education. Raised by a father who, while a farmer, encouraged her to read and think for herself, she attended a local academy rom 1802 to 1804 and then began teaching. – In 1807 Emma Willard went to Middlebury, Vermont to head a female academy there. Two years later she married a local doctor named John Willard. She opened her own school, the Middlebury Female Seminary, in 1814 to provide advanced education that young women were denied by colleges. Her Address†¦ Proposing a Plan for Improving Female Education (1819) was a much admired and influential proposal to get public support for advanced education for young women. Emma Willard moved to Troy, New York, in 1821, where she opened the Troy Female Seminary. (It was renamed the Emma Willard School in 1895. ) With both boarding and day students, in some respects it was the first U. S. institution of serious learning for young women, though even it recognized that most of its graduates would be housewives, not professionals, and most of its students came from families of means. The school actually made a profit, and she also earned money from the textbooks she wrote.

The Agony of Vietnam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Agony of Vietnam - Essay Example Most persons prefer narrating their ordeals from an optimistic perspective. Typically, knowledge from testimonies was obtained from some exceptional persons who represented a bulk of those who participated in the war, either directly as combatants or indirectly as supporters and protestors. As a thesis statement, it appears Vietnam War caused significant physical and psychological sufferings to Americans both at home and away in the battlefield. In order to understand events and experiences from Vietnam War, historians have preferred the use of oral interviewing techniques. Responses from such techniques are contained in chapter 10 of the book â€Å"Discovering the American Past.† The first interviewee in the book is a college student named John. When the Vietnam War commenced, the responded had just joined college. During that time, American armed forces needed more soldiers for the war. Consequently, there was a pending legislative draft in congress recommending for mandatory incorporation of college aged youth into the army. In case of poor college performance, one had higher chances of being incorporated into the military. Therefore, eligible college students had to keep their grades high or risk college deferments, which would inevitably land them into the military (Becker and Glover, 317). As the Vietnam War intensified, college students started engaging in deliberate debates. Some of them hailed from conservative families while others were from liberal backgrounds. Despite the difference in their family backgrounds, all the youth were forced into an era of awakening as they encountered realities from the real world away from the shelters of their paren tal homes. The second interviewee was also a college student named Johnson together with his college sweetheart Hanna. Both respondents are from an African- American community. During the war, blacks and the poor citizens in America were forced

Recognize the elements of a negotiable instrument, as well as the Essay

Recognize the elements of a negotiable instrument, as well as the elements of rules affecting transferability and liability - Essay Example The other types of instruments are constructed in form of an order. Does the instrument in question meet the requirements of negotiability under the Uniform Commercial Code? This question can best be dealt with by comparing the elements of a negotiable instrument under the Uniform Commercial Code with the instrument in question. These elements are: Writing can be on anything that is permanent and has portability (3-103 UCC). Since the above instrument is written, there appears to be no contention that the instrument in question meets the first requirement. This is intended to authenticate it (3-401 UCC). Bob by handing over a pen to the maker in this question implicates that he wants the maker to put his signature and make him be bound by the document. The maker here will be bound by making any mark on the instrument which purports to be a signature. â€Å"The promise must be an affirmatively written undertaking more than a mere acknowledgement of a debt† (Howard 1964). Apart from acknowledging that he has a debt amounting to $20 000 plus interests the maker further makes an affirmative undertaking to discharge the debt. This can be ascertained by the use of the phrase ‘I promise to pay’. Payment cannot be conditional and the promise or order cannot be subject to rights or obligations stated in another source save for any exception provided by the Uniform Commercial Code. The document in question does not imply any condition. Take for instance if the document was worded in the following manner; â€Å"I promise to pay to the order of Bobs Auto Emporium $20 000 with interest...defaulting by which I shall be liable to pay double the value of interest†, this is a prima facie case of a condition and such an instrument shall be void (Martindale 2011). Any instrument payable in money are negotiable (3-304 UCC).The above instrument is payable at a fixed amount of $20 000 and hence satisfies this test of negotiability. The Uniform

Brand Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brand Management - Assignment Example Through, successfully implementation of this methodology, firms can win loyal customer at a reasonable rate. Brand management practice is applicable across various industries, because of its perceptive dimension (Lienert). However, the positive product or brand image could be built in a fraction of seconds, when salesperson highlights the importance and applicability of a certain product in customer’s life; but the hard part is to backup this perceived value with actual product performance. All of the major automobile companies are attempting to lower their operational costs, because of Japanese competition (Mannering and Winston). But, they are taking this challenge in a wrong direction, because Japanese are not just selling vehicles, they are giving away comfort, low maintenance and high quality. Thus, they are providing more real value to the customer that enables them to charge some extra cash. The competitors should concentrate on enhancing the value provided to the custo mer, in order to counteract Japanese competition. ... In this way, the company will be able to provide incentive to facilitate sales. Another unique aspect of brand endorsement is its center of attention, which is more abstractive in nature. It emphasizes on improving the quality of life of an individual through a product, thus brand management is all about increasing consumers’ comfort through adding new and meaningful products in their life. Brand managers believe that customers do not purchase clothes; they pay for good looks, which these clothes will provide them. The above mentioned argument fits well, within the industry of cars that this paper will analyze in the coming section. Such consumers are interested in fuel consumption, convenience and elegance, thus require a travelling solution not just a car. Fait, which possesses the managerial rights of Chrysler, is planning to lower their value chain costs through streamlining their dealership network, by combining small to medium size dealers with larger ones. This strategy will help them in lowering the number of dealers; therefore their transportation costs will drop significantly. The use of centralized dealers points towards the intention of top management on gaining a price advantage. In the history, Fait attempted to introduce its products as luxurious ones. But, this decision caused its offerings to compete in a different market, in which Honda and other similar companies had established brands. Therefore, Fait failed to make a name in this segment; mainly, because of its products’ low quality. The customers consider Chrystal’s products as economical and designed for middle class; due to this market perception best cost marketing strategy will be ideal for promoting these products.

Is the Financial Success of West End Musicals, a Positive Trend Essay

Is the Financial Success of West End Musicals, a Positive Trend - Essay Example The musical shows in the West End are running to packed houses, garnering optimal revenues. However, when ‘sources’ of those revenues are viewed critically, it provides a doubtful picture. Heightened revenues are not due to high attendance rates, but instead due to high ticket prices. In addition, the quality of the shows leaves much to be desired, as most of the shows are adaptations of films and music albums, without original works. Toeing the line of Michael Billington’s January 2011 Guardian article, This West End theatre boom is not all good news, this article will discuss why the financial success of West End Musicals is not a positive trend, as it is based on ambiguous revenue patterns and also because of the lack of originality and quality in majority of the shows. The total revenues at the theatres in London’s West End have been increasing consecutively for the past eight years, with revenues reaching ?528m in 2011, which is an increase by 3 percen t when compared with the 2010 figures. â€Å"Total revenues at the box office rose by three per cent on 2010’s figures to reach ?528,375,874 last year, said the Society of London Theatre (SOLT).†1 These positive financial figures showcase how West End particularly musical shows are receiving good crowds, considering the non-favourable business environment in the post-recession period and due to the cold climes. Mark Rubinstein, President of the Society of London Theatre, validates this point by stating, â€Å"Despite the prevailing rigours of the economic climate, theatre-goers have acted with their feet and wallets and shown just how much they value a trip to one of our world-class shows.†2 The financial success can be attributed to the popularity of certain musical shows. These shows already had good expectation levels before their staging in the West End. Then, when the performed shows were able to fulfil the expectations of the spectators, it became hits, wi th some even becoming mega hits, setting the cash registers ringing. Some of the shows, which become hugely popular, leading to favourable financial figures are Jerusalem, Much Ado About Nothing, The Ladykillers, Frankenstein, One Man, Two Guvnors, Yes, Prime Minister, Noises Off, Richard III, as well major productions like The Wizard of Oz, Shrek, Matilda and Ghost. â€Å"The Society of London Theatres (Solt) said the arrival of mega-musicals such as The Wizard of Oz, Shrek, Ghost and Matilda meant there were more weeks than usual when big theatres were closed as the shows were installed†3. In addition to these recent hit shows, the already successful shows like Les Miserables, which is now in its 26th year at the West End, also attracted large crowds. Although, the popularity of these shows cannot the discounted, as people loved all these issues, the question that arises is, did this popularity completely translated into revenues or whether the higher revenues is only due t o the higher popularity and the resultant higher attendance? The answer to these questions are not a resounding â€Å"Yes† because other factors like the increased ticket prices contributed to the higher revenues, and even to the sizable jump in revenue percentage from 2010. This can be understood from the attendance figures for the year 2011, because the attendance has come down from the 2010 numbers, although the revenues were in the opposite direction. â€Å"The overall attendance fell by approximately two per cent to 13,915,815 across 52 commercial and not-for-profit houses.†4 This raises the pertinent question that when the attendance figures fell, how come the revenues could increase. That could be mainly attributed to the increased ticket prices, which have been steadily increasing through the whole of 2011, and which will be dealt in a detailed manner in the next section of the article. The other related factor, which implies that increase in revenues is not en tirely due to attendance, is the increased VAT rates by the government. That is, the

Business Organisational Behaviour - Survey Report Essay

Business Organisational Behaviour - Survey Report - Essay Example The faster the company makes decisions, the more performance oriented it gets and vice versa. But Decision making process in the contemporary business scenario is more complex than it may seem. Each decision comes fraught with its own challenges, risks and traps. The process needs optimization.. Empowerment of employees to make decisions has its own benefits in perpetuation of company culture, homogenization of ideas, reinforcement of team spirit and ethical governance, and increased social and corporate responsibility. Decision making is emerging as a key element that influences corporate strategizing in modern organizational theory and practice. The implications of decision making in an organization when studied intricately reveals that making decisions is not just about choosing a course A or course B in a given situation but impacting the overall environment of a company. Decision-making is a complex, multi-dimensional issue. While people may be sure that they expect authority, they may be less clear about what to do with it. (Gispenc & Rodgers). In this light we can view the results of the Client, Leader and Team survey and see how the results of the survey that show a mediocre rating for decision making rating by clients also have deeper ramifications on the quality of products, transparency practiced in an organization, cost measurement and services of a company. The most important cause and effect of Decision making is information availability. Information is the key input for a decision. It is also a key output. An examination of Decision-making in the Oval reveals the following. Decision making is inside the Oval and is located in the upper right hand quadrant of the Performance-Importance graph. In the Gap Analysis, Decision making falls in the upper right hand quadrant well within the acceptable levels but show a need for its further promotion. It can be seen that other related behaviors like Accountability,

Human Resource Strategy Formulation Research Paper

Human Resource Strategy Formulation - Research Paper Example The information relates to customer requirements, resource constraints, regulatory issues, industry trends, and stockholder demands (Gary, 2009). The stakeholders in the strategy formulation process must have knowledge of this information in order to operationalize it. The stakeholders should know to prioritize information. The information gathered has to be structured in a meaningful way in order to be actualized. The manpower in a business is the backbone of the business, and it is necessary to have the correct team. The workforce in any business enterprise must have the will, knowledge and expertise to perform the duties and deliver the desired results. They must work in unison and should work as a team rather than as individuals (Michael, 2011). The efforts, skills, and capabilities contributed by the organization’s workforce determine the achievement of the organization. A human resource strategy aims at satisfying the customer needs. The strategy aims at setting a direction which the workforce will follow to deliver a successful and sustainable customer satisfaction. To have a human resource that is committed to delivering its results, the organization needs to have principals laid out to be followed. The managers should be concerned about the human resource issues. The human resource of the organization should be involved in all decision making levels of the organization. To ensure that customers are satisfied, the organization should develop a culture that ensures all members of staff are committed to the organization’s performance and improvement (Chris, 2010). Also, there should be a spirit of team work, cooperation and trust for better performance. Human resource is the department in any business enterprise which determines the success or failure of its operations. The human resource in any organization should be managed well and organized in a

Annotate bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Annotate bibliography - Essay Example Thus, all the authors were accredited medical practitioners in wellness programs. Consequently, all the articles selected were secondary sources since information pertaining to workplace wellness programs were derived from pre existing data of existing employer workplace programs. The article delves into the identification of risk factors affecting employee health, and consequently formulating appropriate mitigation mechanisms that are concomitant to workplace lifestyle and logical change process. Moreover, the authors have cited employer initiatives for actively involving and engaging workers in the wellness program. The sole aim is for workers to have a healthier personal outlook, minimize workplace stress and better working environment. Consequently, intervention wellness programs highlighted include the creation of health education plan against smoking, healthy nutrition choice, weight loss program, control of alcohol consumption, and individual stress reduction regiments. Lastly, the article defines the ultimate goals employee wellness programs. These are to increase employer and employee satisfaction through the decrease in absenteeism, enhanced productivity, and better interpersonal relationship between all the actors in the work environment. The article reiterates the importance of wellness programs to both employees and community at large. Consequently, the authors state that workplace health and wellness programs extends to the community by raising awareness on preventive measures for common diseases, like diabetes, obesity, cardio vascular disease, and high blood pressure. Furthermore, Edelman et al. emphasize on the importance of creating wellness as well as motivating employees to participate in the program. Thus, the authors recommend employee programs such as flexible work hours, sufficient break periods, psychosocial support, and reward systems for workers actively involved in the wellness

Enjoyable Theatrical Experience Essay Example for Free

Enjoyable Theatrical Experience Essay An Inspector Calls was written by J. B Priestley in 1945. The play is set in 1912. In England this was a time of strikes, riots and poverty. The play was partly written by Priestley to highlight a number of very important issues in our lives, which include social class, capitalist and social attitude to life, equality, prejudice, wealth, poverty, rights and responsibilities. It is for this reason that the play may be described as an effective piece of social criticism. It criticises the way in which some people live and think, as well as make us question what is right and what is wrong. The play is a very enjoyable theatrical experience as it is full of excitement, suspense, tension and dramatic irony. In this offer my own opinions and support these with evidence, quotations and examples. It is important to understand what the terms capitalist and socialist mean. Capitalists are people who have power and money. They show their status and wealth. They only care about themselves and dont care anybody else. Socialists are people who care about everybody not just themselves. They are unselfish and believe in welfare of others. Above all Priestley uses one of the main characters, Inspector Goole as a strong mouthpiece to represent his own values, morals and beliefs and sends this message to his audience. The message is that people should not be split into different classes or treated differently as all people are off equal importance and have rights and responsibilities, regardless of the amount of money that they have. Priestley uses Inspector Goole to convey this message, stating in act three, page 56 that:- We are responsible of each other. And I tell you that the time will soon come when, if men will not learn this lesson, then they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish. This is exactly what happened because in 1914, two years after the play was set, First World War started, this was the result of assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir to throne in Sarajevo by a Serbian student. Income tax doubled to pay for the war which was costing i 1million daily. Priestley wants the world to be full of peace, love and forgiveness. Priestley shows that the Birling family are capitalists and have great wealth in a number of ways. For example their house is described as The dining-room of a fairly large suburban house, belonging to a prosperous manufacturer. It has good solid furniture of the period. The general effect is substantial and heavily comfortable, but not Cosy and homelike. This is evidenced in act one, page 1 at the start of the play. They also have a made called Edna. This shows that they belong to a wealthy family and they can afford a maid.

To Kill a Mocking Bird Comparison Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mocking Bird Comparison Essay It is interesting how two family members can share many differences and many similarities. In the novel To kill a mockingbird by Harper Lee, Atticus and Aunt Alexandra demonstrate their care and love for Jem and Scout, yet differ when it comes to parenting and views on society. Atticus and Aunt Alexandra both express their love and care for Jem and Scout. Firstly Atticus has more of a relaxed and compassionate love for Jem and Scout. For instance, after the attack of Jem and Scout, Jem was frightened and Atticus was there for him, Scout said â€Å"He guided me to the bed and sat me down. He lifted my legs and put me under the cover†¦ he turned out the light and went into Jems room. He would be there all night, and he would be there when Jem woked up in the morning† (Lee, 387)Although Atticus Is a busy and tired man, he shows that he cares by tucking Scout in and watching over Jem after an eventful night. Similarly, Aunt Alexandra moves into Atticus’ house due to her concern for Scouts lack of proper etiquette. For instance, Aunt Alexandra was in the kitchen, explaining her presence to Scout â€Å"We decided that it would be best for you if you had some feminine influence. It won’t be many years, Jean Louise, before you become interested in cloths and boys.† (Lee, 170) Although Aunt Alexandra moved in with Atticus, she expresses to scout her worries and motivation to correct them. It is evident that, both Atticus and Aunt Alexandra demonstrate their love for their family in many ways throughout the book. Atticus and Aunt Alexandra show many different parenting methods throughout the novel. Firstly, Atticus treats Jem and Scout as equals. He allows them to make their own decisions. For example, Jem and Scout wanted to hear the verdict on Tom Robinson’s case: â€Å"Tell you what, you can all come back when you’ve eaten supper†¦ and if the jury is still out you can wait with us†¦ Atticus opened his mouth to answer but shut it and left us.† (Lee, 277) As a result Atticus lets Jem and Scout make their own decisions by allowing them to stay later. On the other hand, Aunt Alexandra makes decisions for Jem and Scout; she treats them like children. For example, when Jem asks Atticus if he can go to church with Calpurnia Aunt Alexandra tells him that he cannot. â€Å"Atticus, I’ll go next Sunday if it’s alright, can i? Cal said she’d come get me if you were off in the car† Jem asked. â€Å"You may not† Aunt Alexandra answered. (Lee, 181) Therefore, Aunt Alexandra makes decisions for Jem. Clearly one can see Atticus and Aunt Alexandra’s parenting methods greatly differ. In addition, Aunt Alexandra and Atticus’ views on society greatly differ. For instance, Aunt Alexandra believes that certain people should be treated differently. For example Aunt Alexandra tells Atticus that she feel that Calpurnia is not doing her job efficiently, and should let her go. â€Å"And don’t try and get around it you’ve got to face it sooner or later and it might as well be tonight. We don’t need her now† (Lee, 182) for this reason, Aunt Alexandra demonstrates the she is prejudice and racist, she wants Calpurnia fired only because of the colour of her skin. On the other hand Atticus believes that people should be treated fairly and as equals. For instance, Alexandra complains to Atticus that she feels that Calpurnia being a person of colour should be fired because she is not doing her job correctly. Atticus disagrees and says â€Å"Alexandra, Calpurnia’s not leaving this house until she wants t. you may think otherwise, but I couldn’t have got along without her all these years† (Lee,182) Thus, Atticus expresses that Calpurnia is part of the family, and deserves to be treated fairly. As a result, Alexandra and Atticus’ views on society contrast because of the way they treat people. In the novel, To kill a mockingbird written by Harper Lee, Atticus and Aunt Alexandra show strong love for their family and yet they differ when it comes to their parenting methods and views on society. In conclusion although Alexandra and Atticus are family they are more different then the same.

Capital Punishment | Should Capital Punishment be Abolished?

Capital Punishment | Should Capital Punishment be Abolished? Death sentence being one of the harshest punishments known to man has taken a gradual humanized change over the years. Being a mode of punishment prominently followed in most parts of the world has now been abolished in many countries because of a wave of abolishment initiated a few decades back. India seems to be stuck between the global trend to end death penalty and the nations that is still follow. It has taken a very safe ground by giving a minimal provision and leaving it to the discretion of the judiciary to award the punishment in special circumstances. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether capital punishment should be banned or not? While considering the historical as well as present scenario of capital punishment and comparing with other countries where it has been abolished. Introduction Capital punishment is the practice of executing someone as punishment for a specific crime after a proper legal trial. It is usually only used as a punishment for particularly serious types of murder, but in some countries treason, types of fraud, adultery and rape are capital crimes.  [1]  In Indian the traditional way of awarding this punishment is handing by the neck till the death of the criminal. In other countries, shooting, electric chair, etc,are the various devices used for the purpose. The term capital originates from capitalis, literally regarding the head (Latin caput). Hence, a capital crime was originally one punished by the severing of the head.  [2]   Amongst democratic countries today, it is rare to find capital punishment being practiced. In fact, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the U.S. are the only ones who still have the death penalty. However, it is mainly found in poor, undemocratic and authoritarian states that the death penalty is still being used, and usually as a means of political oppression. The European Union and the Council of Europe refuses its member states to practice the death penalty, or at least desire them to show that they no longer actively practice it (i.e. a moratorium). Although the United States had suspended executions in 1973, they resumed them in 1977. However, not all the states perform capital punishment, with at least 12 of them having banned it at the time of writing? Most of the countries except China, a few countries in South Africa and Belarus in Europe, have moved towards abolishing death penalty  [3]  . Though being a member of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights which is adopted by the United Nations and stands to bring countries to abolish death penalty, India has not taken this important step to abolish such a grave punishment. Capital punishment is nothing but judicial murder, it is said, especially when an innocent life is destroyed. Besides this, capital punishment, as is generally supposed, is not deterrent. Murders and other heinous crimes have continued unabated, in spite of it. The result of such views has been that in recent years there has been an increasing tendency in western countries to award life imprisonment instead of capital punishment. Muslims countries, to be more serve in this respect. Despite frequent demands from all society Indian has not so far abolished capital punishment. But even in India there has been a decline in the frequency of such punishment. It is now awarded only in cases of hardened criminals and only when it is established that the murder was not the result of a momentary impulse, the result of serious provocation, but well-planned and cold-blooded. In such cases, it is felt that nothing else than capital punishment would be executed for that crime. Those who indulge in anti-social and sternest possible measures should be taken against them, specially when they are habitual offenders. India has not so far abolished capital punishment but used it more judiciously. Sociologists are of the view that capital punishment serves no useful purpose. By sending the criminals to gallows, we in no way help or provide relief to the family of the murdered. The sociologists, therefore, suggest that the murderer should be sentenced for life to work and support the family of murdered person as well as his own. In this way, innocent women and children would be saved from much suffering, hunger and starvation.  [4]   Philosophers view on capital punishment According, to Kants view no state can exist if there is no law and if there is no law then there is no society and no state. Therefore legislation of law is necessary. Therefore by Kants view if a person has violated such laws by doing a crime then a person who has violated such law must be punished. According to Kant punishment is a legal act that definitely has a certain basis. This basis is a crime. If there is no crime there must be no punishment. Punishment of innocent people is a result of a worthless legislation; this means that the legal system is unable to establish guilt and make a differentiation between innocent people and criminals.  [5]  Kants opinion towards death penalty is justified only if there is a murder. According to him if there is a murder then he must die. Theory of punishment:- by both H.L.A Hart and (1959) in England and John Rawls (1955) in the United States. Defining the concept of punishment must be kept distinct from justifying punishment. A definition of punishment is, or ought to be, value-neutral, at least to the extent of not incorporating any norms or principles that surreptitiously tend to justify whatever falls under the definition itself. To put this another way, punishment is not supposed to be justified, or even partly justified, by packing its definition in a manner that virtually guarantees that whatever counts as punishment is automatically justified. (Conversely, its definition ought not to preclude its justification.)  [6]   Historical Background Capital punishment is regarded as one of the severest form of punishment in the history of mankind. During the medieval era, capital punishment was sentenced even for extremely trivial and inconsequential matter or in other words we can say that they were executed for minor crimes such as stealing, cheating or even trespassing. Also, the methods of administering death penalty were immensely harsh and gruesome. Most historical records and various primitive tribal practices indicate that the death penalty was a part of their justice system. This was the only method for them to provide justice for every crime done by a person. However, during medieval times the capital punishment was rather insensitive. The punishment which was given to the accused cant be compare to the act which has been done by accused. One of the oldest methods of practicing capital punishment was hanging. This method was originated from Persia and was restricted only for male criminals. The method was considered to be comparatively less harsh as it was relatively simpler with no involvement of blood. This form of punishment is prevalent to date in countries such as Singapore, Japan, India, Pakistan and three states in US.  [7]   In the earlier time death penalty laws can be found in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon (18th century BCE), in which death penalty was given for different crimes. But in the Draconian Code of Athens (7th century BCE), times where every crime was punishable by death and was the most extreme capital systems in ancient times. Later on under Roman law in the 5th century BCE, a person could even be sentenced to death for simply writing an insulting song  [8]  . The Romans also used it for a wide range of offenses, though citizens were exempted for a short time during the republic. It also has been sanctioned at one time or another by most of the worlds major religions. In medieval and early modern Europe the death penalty was largely used as a generalized form of punishment, and often accompanied by torture. Similarly, in medieval and early modern Europe, before the development of modern prison systems, the death penalty was also used as a generalised form of punishment. For example, in 1700s Britain there were 222 crimes which were punishable by death, including crimes such as cutting down a tree or stealing an animal.  [9]  Thanks to the notorious Bloody Code, 18th century (and early 19th century) Britain was a hazardous place to live. For example, Michael Hammond and his sister, Ann, whose ages were given as 7 and 11, were reportedly hanged at Kings Lynn on Wednesday, September 28, 1708 for theft. The local press did not, however, consider the executions of two children newsworthy.  [10]   Present scenario But the time has changed now, the judiciary in most countries has adopted a more civilized attitude towards this punishment and death penalty is reserved for extremely heinous crimes. Three quarters of executions worldwide occur in Asia. 95% of Asians live in jurisdictions that carry out capital punishment. China alone accounts for 90% of all executions in Asia. The country executed approximately 5000 people in 2008. Thats a rate per capita dozens of times higher than in the U.S., and yet its a steep drop for the numbers of some decades earlier. India is also retentionist (meaning the opposite of abolitionist) but only executed one person in the first decade of the new millennium. Singapore used to kill a similar proportion of its citizens as China, but the rate has dropped recently. Japan, on the contrary, is executing more and more people. Saudi Arabia is known for its particularly gruesome methods  [11]   We can see from the above graph there is lot of change in figures earlier only death penalty was sentenced as compared to medieval times. Pakistan , U.S. and China are at the highest peak. Pakistan and china are the main contributors in increasing the percentage of death penalty in Asia. The most recent executions in South Korea took place in December 1997, when 23 people were executed at short notice on the same day. Similarly, nineteen executions occurred in 1995 and 15 in 1994, in each instance occurring all on the same day. No executions have occurred since 1998, but this de facto suspension has not been reinforced by law. Since 1999, lawmakers have thrice endorsed a bill favoring life imprisonment without parole in place of the death penalty, but each time the proposal has stalled and failed to move forward. The need remains to develop a culturally appropriate pro-abolition argument that could persuade the Korean public that the death penalty is unworkable and wrong. On 21 January 2007, in the Inhyeokdang case, the Korean Court acquitted 8 persons who had been executed 32 years earlier. The hope is that, in light of strong arguments based on the risk to innocent persons and the irreversibility of capital punishment, Korea will effectively transition from de fact o to formal abolition. Capital Punishment should be banned or not? Most of the people now feel that punishment for crimes like murders should not be death but some re formative or deterrent sentence. Death sentence cannot reform a criminal since once dead he cannot be reformed. The governments, which have abolished death sentence, find that there is no increase in the number of murders in the countries after the abolition. Some social reformers still feel that life imprisonment is a more severe kind of punishment. However, capital punishment puts an end to the criminals life, life imprisonment forces him to spend his whole life within the boundaries of a prison. Over 37 countries have already abolished the death sentence and the after-effects of it have not been harmful. India, which is the birthplace of great luminaries, should also abolish death sentence and replace it with some other kind of punishment, which aims to abolish crime, not merely kill criminals.  [12]   In India, capital punishment is granted for different crimes, counting murder, initiating a childs suicide, instigating war against the government, acts of terrorism, or a second evidence for drug trafficking. Death penalty is officially permitted though it should be used in the rarest of rare cases as per the judgement of Supreme Court of India. Amongst the retentionist countries around the world, India has the lowest execution rate with just 55 people executed since independence in 1947.  [13]   In the case of Bachan Singh v State of Punjab  [14]  , wherein a Constitutional Bench with a 4:1 majority upheld the constitutional validity of death penalty and the scope of the provision which enabled the imposition of death penalty. Justice Bhagwati took a dissenting opinion and held that the death sentence is unconstitutional and violative of Articles 14 and 21 of the Constitution of India. laws which are to be used to avoid and prevent people from committing such offences and not to take the life a person using the same laws. The State has no right to take the life of a person. India according to me should abolish death sentence. Article 14 and 21 of the Indian Constitution provides for Right to equality before law and protection of life and personal liberty respectively. Article 14 states, The state shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India  [15]  . And Article 21 states, No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law  [16]  . If a procedure of law itself takes a life of a person, who is to be blamed, and who should be punished for it? Is it fair to kill a person? If not, what is the difference between a murderer and the society who takes the life of a murderer by sentencing him to death? In a landmark case of Bachan Singh vs. State of Punjab  [17]  , a panel of four judges of the Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of death penalty but Justice Bhagwati differed in his opinion. The four judge panel led by Chief Justice Y.V. Chandrachud suggested a set of guidelines for determining the aggravating circumstances which would warrant the imposition of death penalty and other mitigating circumstances for awarding the lesser punishment of imprisonment for life. Further, the Supreme Court held that the aggravating circumstances which result in special reasons as per the Criminal Procedure Code must be considered to be sentenced to death. And finally held that death sentence should be imposed only in Rarest of Rare cases. The death sentence as a punishment can also have a deterrent effect against the potential murderers. But J. Bhagwati argues that death sentence will have a greater deterrent effect as opposed to the life sentence. J. Bhagwati enriches the court with various scholars over the world who would agree with his opinion and this very opinion has favored the abolition of death penalty in their countries. He says it is not a rational conviction but merely an unreasoned belief which is entertained by some people including a few penologists, judges, jurists and legislators that death penalty has a uniquely deterrent effect  [18]  . Reference was also made to the Fifty Fourth Law Commission report  [19]  which also took a view that death sentence acts as a deterrent. It says that every human being dreads death suggesting that death sentence had a greater deterrent effect than other punishments. As the punishment is more deterrent than others it becomes arbitrary and unreasonable and viol ates article 14 ad 21 of the Constitution. Therefore it should be not be completely abolished. Hence, it should be executed only in rarest of rare cases. Conclusion Death penalty is the harshest of punishments provided in the IPC, which involves the judicial killing or taking the life of the accused as a form of punishment  [20]  . It is a mode of punishment which extinguishes the life of an accused. In India, death sentence has gone through a number of changes but still remains as the harshest punishment. It is the punishment for murdering another human being. It is true that killing someone is cruel, but it is also not reasonable for a society to kill someone. The only difference between these is that the accused in a murder case is punished by the society but there is no one to punish the society. The rule of law is set up to protect and regulate both the society as well as the people in the society. In conclusion, I feel that death penalty should be completely abolished. Though I am also morally against death penalty this analysis has made my views even stronger. But it should be executed only in the rarest of rare case like there is nothing else left instead of capital punishment for giving justice to someone. The views suggested by philosophers also suggest the same meaning that it should be executed only in the case of murder or we can say that in the rarest of rare cases.

Epistemological Turn in European Scientific Rationality :: Science Essays

Epistemological Turn in European Scientific Rationality ABSTRACT: If the 17th century could be considered the century of the reformation of science, the present century is one of counterreformation in every sense of the word. The ideology of this century can be seen in the titanic efforts to complete the development of science which foundation was laid in the 17th and 18th centuries, in the outright failures, and in attempts at reconstructing the foundation (e.g., Hilbert's formalization program, GÃ ¶del's incompleteness theorem, Charlier's theory of a hierarchic universe, Fridman's evolutionary cosmology, Newton's mechanics, relativistic and/or quantum mechanics in physics, the logical turn of the Vienna circle and epistemological anarchism in methodology). Our task is to reveal the essence of the turning points in 20th century science and to determine at least the general outlines, if not the cause, of the new type of rationality that is replacing the old one. I will focus on the history of cosmology, or rather on its three paradigms t hat have succeeded each other in this century: Newtonian, Fridmanian and the inflationary paradigms. By outlining the problem, I will pose a possible solution from clarifying changes in the value orientations, ideals and norms of scientific research to their possible generalization. If the 17th century could be considered the century of the reformation of science, the present century is one of counterreformation in every sense of the word. Ever since the turn of the century, the same ideology has been in existence: titanic efforts to complete the development of the science whose foundation was laid in the 17th and 18th centuries and outright failures followed by the reconstruction of the foundation. There are many exemples, some of them very striking: Hilbert's formalisation program and Godel's incompleteness theorem in mathematics, Charlier's theory of a hierarchic universe and Fridman's theory of the evolutionary universe in cosmology, Newton's mechanics and relativistic and quantum mechanics in physics, and finally, the logical program of the Vienna circle and epistemological anarchism in methodology. Our task is to reveal the essence of the turning points in 20th centuries science history and to try to determine at least the general outlines, if not the cause, of the new type of rationality that is succeeding (or has already succeeded) the old one. Needless to say, we are obviously unable to embrace all branches of knowledge ; therefore, we will confine ourselves to the history of cosmology, or rather to its three paradigms that successively prevailed in this century : Newtonian, Fridman's and inflationary.

Marketing Strategy for the Mars Ice Cream Bar Essay -- Business Manage

Marketing Strategy for the Mars Ice Cream Bar My Aims for this Report In this report I will be focusing my attention on Mars Ice Cream Bar. I will investigate how they promote their product. I will do this by investigating how they advertise their product, and where, as well as looking at how they package their product and at the same time I will look at where they sell the Mars ice cream bar. Also I will be investigating their main rivals and compare their marketing mix’s. This will give me a better chance of giving good suggestions on how they could improve their ice cream product to bring in a larger revenue and get away from their main rivals so they could dominate the ice cream bar market. Background to Mars Mars claims to be the world leader in every market that it is in. This in includes branded snack foods, petcare products, main meal foods and vending machines. ‘ Mars has an annual turnover in excess of US $13 billion. Our products are consumed in over 100 countries around the world.’ In Europe alone  £20 billion is spent every year on Mars confectioneries,  £4 billion of this is from Britain. Of that  £4 billion, around 70% of it is on chocolate goods. They are considered the world’s best managed companies. They easily dominate the chocolate bar market as they own the likes of ‘Snickers’ ‘Mars’ ‘Maltesers’ ‘M&M’s’ and ‘Twix’. But do they dominate the ice cream bar market? Mars ice cream bar. The Mars ice cream bar was first brought o...

The Urban Legend of Tommy Hilfiger :: essays research papers fc

The Truth about the Rumor of Tommy Hilfiger A big controversy happened, the well-known Fashion Designer Tommy Hilfiger was on the Oprah show. She asked him if it was true if he said he did not make clothes for Blacks and Asians, his clothes were intended for upper class White people. When he admitted he said those things, she asked him to leave. This E-Mail is an Urban Legend. Juicy Emails like these are simply for entertainment purposes only and should not be taken seriously. Like junk mail it should be emptied into the recycle bin. People assume if an E-mail is sent to them or if a friend mentioned the incident then it must be true. How could someone write something so mean and cruel and spread it through emails? Thomas Craughwell explains that â€Å"fear, paranoia, envy and suspicion of unfamiliar† are reasons why urban legends such as Tommy Hilfiger are passed around (Craughwell 10). People read newspapers such as the Inquirer and read junk E-mails at work to make the day go by. Richard Roeper describes people as â€Å"today’s information consumer†, who are â€Å"savvy, jaded and cynical† (Roeper 10). It’s no secret that people can be gullible when it comes to interesting news. Roper states that people are as â€Å"willing as ever to believe stories that happened to best friend’s brother’s accountant† (Roper 11). People have gotten too lazy to look up information for themselves and look for quick fixes, instead of facts. The Tommy Hilfiger Rumor has all of the signs of the urban legend. As Defined by Craughwell â€Å"urban legends are usually passed by word of mouth and by E-mail†. Urban legends have many variations (Craughwell 9,13). David Emery from About.com has two of the most common variations of the E-mail in his article. Before there were any rumors of him on the Oprah Show, It was a â€Å"news article† in a â€Å"Philippian tabloid in 1996† as Barbara Mikkelson explains in her article. According to Barbara Mikkelson, the rumor was altered again with him being on the CNN style show with Elsa Klensch . In this rumor he did not comment on black people. He commented about â€Å"Asian people not looking right in the clothes† (Barbara Mikkelson). Although the rumors are being shown to be not true, they are still being passed around to this day (David Emery). People who are in the know about rumors made inquiries to the Anti Defamation League.

Travel Agency Strategy

H Travel Agency Strategy Plan February 25, 2013 This paper will look at the challenges that the travel agency is facing, detailing a plan for change based on observations of challenges that the HR department is facing. Using metrics to explain change and how they can assist senior management during the planning process. Furthermore there will be an outline for the determination of the HR strategic plan combined with methods for the recruitment and selection methods. The details provided should help in assisting the travel agency overcome their challenges with a new plan to help them grow and become a formidable opponent to the competition.The travel agency appears to have challenges with the employees and the HR department. There are no goals or structure for the employees to rely on, and no goals to achieve. There are six major functions of HR that are needed to be implementing in order for the change to begin in the Travel agency. According to Byars and Rue (2008) The Society for H uman Resource Management (SHRM) has identified six major functions of human resource management: 1. Human resource planning, recruitment, and selection. 2. Human resource development. 3.Compensation and benefits. 4. Safety and health. 5. Employee and labor relations. 6. Human resource research. (Byars & Rue, 2008). The HR department can start to outline a plan if HR, management and the employees all have clear communication and direction of what the HR department is for and how they assist the company and the employees. The challenges that the HR department will face is using, HRP (Human resource Planning), to align the company’s overall strategic plan with the appropriate employees in place to achieve this goal.According to Byars and Rue (2008) Human resource planning (HRP), also referred to as workforce planning or personnel planning has been defined as the process of â€Å"getting the right number of qualified people into the right job at the right time. HRP involves appl ying the basic planning process to the human resource needs of the organization. To be effective, any human resource plan must be derived from the strategic and operational plans of the organization.In essence, the success of HRP depends largely on how closely the human resource department can integrate effective people planning with the organization's business planning process. 5 Unfortunately, HRP is often inadequately tied to overall corporate planning. (Byars ; Rue, 2008). There are four statistical modeling techniques that can be used by the HR department to forecast the needs that the agency will need. The can use time-series analysis, personnel ratios, productivity ratios and the regression analysis.Another technique that can be used is benchmarking, â€Å"benchmarking involves thoroughly examining internal practices and procedures and measuring them against the ways other successful organizations operate. ’ Byars and Rue (2008). In order to meet the Demands of the co mpany and put a solid plan into place, a skills inventory should be completed to see what types of employees the company has and their skill sets to determine future training and advancement opportunities. A skills inventory consolidates information about the organization's human resources.It provides basic information on all employees, including, in its simplest form, a list of the names, certain characteristics, and skills of employees. Because the information from a skills inventory is used as input into promotion and transfer decisions, it should contain information about each employee's portfolio of skills, not just those relevant to the employee's current job. (Byars & Rue, 2008). The next step will be metric for the HR department to gather data that can be used to show the senior management areas of improvement, or areas that need a deeper focus.These metrics can show where the company spends the most of their time and money along with, areas of the company or departments tha t do not meet the desired metric goals. Metrics can show productivity based on a set desired goal for the companies employees. Metrics refers to any set of quantitative measures to assess workforce performance. Examples of metrics that HR might use include such things as analysis of the cost per hire, average length of time to fill a position, training cost per employee, turnover cost per employee, and new-hire performance by recruiting strategy. Byars & Rue, 2008). The reason that metrics are so important to the decision making of the senior staff is that they provide a starting point for the company to see where they need to start their focus for change. Being able to evaluate an employee’s performance will help coach and mentor the employee. Metrics provide real numbers that can show areas were training is needed to get the employees to a desired output or percentage goal. Communication of the desired results or a t new strategic plan can be tricky, especially to a skeptic al bunch that has really had no definition or goals in place.They are going to want to know what is in it for them. Communication is the key to ensure understanding. The whys must be answered, why this necessary, why are we doing this what is in it for me. In order to communicate these new changes all of these must be answered. The goal is to let the employees to know what HR does and what will be changing, for instance career planning, development and training. This will be to ensure that all employees have or will have the knowledge and skills to perform to the level that the company wants their employees to be at.Letting the employees know that they are here to assist them in getting to where they want to be, while providing them an outline of career path and training to keep them interested. Where there is room for advancement there is room for recruiting new staff member with skills to help the company grow. When it comes to recruiting, there are several methods that can be use d. Using internal sources at first, the organization will keep moral up as they seek already trained and qualified personnel.Another method is reaching outside the organization to bring in new talent with other perspectives and fresh ideas to bring to the team. â€Å"Organizations have at their disposal a wide range of external sources for recruiting personnel. External recruiting is needed in organizations that are growing rapidly or have a large demand for technical, skilled, or managerial employees. † (Byars & Rue, 2008). The external sources bring all types of employees plus they bring a wider skill set to choose from. Other sources include using job boards, advertising, web sites, job placement agencies, employee referrals and walk- ins.When it comes to the selection process there are things that need to be looked at, what exactly is the company in need of, where do they want to go, where have past internal and external employees gone within the company. Use the metrics to see what has panned out in the past. In conclusion the travel agency has been lacking clear direction for future growth. In order to grow and to achieve success, the HR department and management need to determine how to incorporate the strategic plan and goals of the company into the HRP.The HRP will then create goals, training and structure for growth in the company by determining what the company has in terms of employees and their skills. By determining the skills of employees then HR and management can determine the new metrics based off of the old ones and by using the metrics they can determine what changes need to be made first. By determining where the company is lacking in production will the help senior management determine what types of employees are needed for future success. References Byars, L. L. , & Rue, L. W. (2008). Human resource Management (9th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Negative Screen Time Effects

Statistics show that screen time negatively affects children’s learning abilities and development. â€Å"The effects of so much screen time can include speech delays, aggressive behavior and obesity. † (Lavey) Since parents play a role in how much television their kids can watch, they can minimize the chances of their brains not developing correctly.â€Å"The first 2 years of life are considered a critical time for brain development. TV and other electronic media can get in the way of exploring, playing, and interacting with parents and others, which encourages learning and healthy physical and social development.† (Kids Health)Children do not understand the damage that can be caused by excessive screen time, which is why parents need to become more involved and teach them. By minimizing the amount of time that children spend using television and other screen times, they will increase their levels of brain activity and have improved neurological development. Scre en time, of all types, can affect children in many different ways; some of them are positive, but many of them are negative.Watching television and using other types of screen times too much can affect many aspects of children’s lives, including their health and school performance. In order to stay healthy, kids need to eat right, as well as get plenty of regular exercise. This is not hard for most children since they are generally very active. However, when they are sitting in front of the television all day, they are not staying active. This will eventually start to take a toll on their weight and general physical well-being.â€Å"The difficulty really comes in that once a child is obese they more than likely will remain obese into and through their adulthood. There is no easy fix. It takes time, hard work and a drive to change habits that have been established for a long time. † (Sigman) So the sooner you get your child to start following good and healthy habits the better; this includes watching television because one of children’s favorite things to do while watching television is eat. School performance also can be drastically affected if children are exposed to too much screen time.They will not make time to do their homework, which will ultimately have a negative impact on their grades. Younger people are affected much more easily by what they see or hear on television or the computer. These things will have a bigger impact and influence on them than they would on someone older who knows better and knows what is right and wrong. There are plenty of commercials and shows on television that can be a bad influence on kids. Everything from violence and crime to drugs and sexual content can be found on both the computer and television.Even though parents try their best to teach their children right from wrong, if they see these things enough on a regular basis, it will have some kind of negative effect on them. When children see these b ad things happening on television, and they see that nothing is being done to stop them, they automatically assume that it is all acceptable for them to do as well. This, again, can begin to affect other aspects of their lives negatively such as school and their behavior. Research shows that the majority of screen time has a negative effect on children of all ages.Children ranging from ages two to 11, on average, spend anywhere from 25 to 35 hours a week in front of the television, or other forms of screen time. At such young ages, children should not be spending that much of their time watching television.There are many other much more stimulating activities that they could be doing instead that could help them in their development into adults including playing outside, reading, or writing. Parents are a big cause of this because the majority of them do not care how much or how often their children watch television.Some even encourage it, and think that it is good for their childre n. â€Å"Studies show that screen time cuts into the adult-child interaction that is crucial to developing language skills. † (Lavey) So, if parents do not pay attention to the amount of screen time their children are exposed to when they are young, it can affect their ability to learn how to speak correctly. Many programs on television teach kids things that are unacceptable or that can affect them in negative ways. Commercials and other ads, as well as many shows.Demonstrate unethical and unhealthy ways to live life, and children, at such young ages, can easily pick up on those things and make them habits of their own. Everything from stereotypes to violence, unhealthy eating habits to drugs, alcohol and sex is shown on television on a variety of channels.â€Å"Children who consistently spend more than 4 hours per day watching television are more likely to be overweight. Kids who view violent acts are more likely to show aggressive behavior but also fear that the world is scary and that something bad will happen to them.Television characters often depict risky behaviors, such as smoking and drinking, and also reinforce gender-role and racial stereotypes. † (Kids Health) There are over two thousand ads on television each year for alcohol. If children are exposed to these things, especially at such young ages, they will definitely be impacted by them.They will begin to think that things they see on television are acceptable, and will eventually start to copy what they see. Children are known for wanting to copy anything they hear or see when they are young, so parents should be sure that they surround their child only with positive influences.Although there are a number of negative effects of television and other screen times, they are not necessarily all bad. Certain things can be reversed so that there are more positive effects resulting from all the screen time. Parents can play a role in their children’s exposure to television and othe r screen times. If they monitor them, and teach their children what and what not to believe from what they see on television, they may have the power to reverse it into something good.When used in moderation, screen times can actually benefit children, usually those who are over the age of two. Watching television with your children, and teaching and educating them about what they are watching will help because then they will not be affected as easily.They will come to understand, with help from their parents, that just because they see something on television does not mean it is right or tolerable to do themselves. Studies have shown that television and other screen time can be educational for children to a certain extent.â€Å"Good educational programs can provide lasting benefits to children at many ages, but it may be especially important to provide such fare for very young children because they are less likely than older children to be exposed to formal preschool instruction, and because stable habits of viewing may be formed in the first few years of life.† (Huston, Science Daily)There can be just as many good things to be found on television and the computer as there are bad. Since we know how entertaining television is for children, we can definitely use it to our  advantage, by only allowing them to watch education programs and keeping them away from all of the negative things.This gives parents a way to keep their children happy and entertained, but also at the same time help to expand their knowledge and keep them away from all of the negative things that they may see or hear on television. The most important thing to understand and keep in mind is that children have not finished fully growing until they are well into their teenage years, when they are young their brains are still developing, so they will retain negative information easier and pick up on bad habits more quickly.Children will benefit more from decreased use of screen times, which will also help improve their attention span and overall academic performances. Watching television and using other screen times in moderation is acceptable and can also be beneficial; it is only when they are abused and over-used that they become a problem. With the known negative facts about children overusing television and other screen times, monitoring the amount of time they spend using them will increase chances of improved brain activity and development into adulthood.

Best Practice

What is a best practice? 1. It is the most efficient quantity and quality 2. A previously successful method 3. labor/appropriate use of materials 4. Money goes up (owner) 5. Replicable (everyone) 6. Defines goal (making money while maintaining guest satisfaction) 7. High guest satisfaction 8. Efficient 9. Ethical Stake Holders Employer/Owner Employee Guest Environment BONUS QUESTION: Jay Westerweld in 1987, invented Green Washing which is a deceptively used method to appear â€Å"eco-friendly† to increase profits or gain political support STOP: Standard Operating Procedure (Used by corporations)QPI: Quality Performance Indicators ROI: Return of Investment Q: What is the difference between an independent and corporate chain? (INDEPENDENT HOTELIERS SHARE BEST PRACTICES by ERIC STOESSEL) Independent: * They are not branded and as well known * Customers tell the Independent hotels if something is wrong, not the brand * â€Å"Can do what they want when they want† * Biggest C hallenge: Online Travel Agencies – reduced rates and high commission = losing money but you get exposure * 25% rate for product purchasing while corporate pay less than 17% * BP: â€Å"Capture and Keep† customers from OTA BP: Using online websites for bulk products such as Alibaba. com or Amazon. com * BP: Loyalty Program * BP: Call other property owners for advice * BP: Incentives for front desk staff of 20% – 50% commission for every room upgrade, early check in or pool pass sold instead of hiring a director of sales * BP: ? Charge guests property tax in times of trouble INDEPENDENT HOTELS: The drake hotels, Windsor Arms Hotel, Hotel Victoria What are best management practices for natural resource conservation? (29 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND CASE STUDIES AT NRPA.ORG/CONSERVATION) * Rain Barrels: Conservation education and fun with a 1,000 gallon rain barrel * Rain Gardens: Can slow stormwater, conserve water, and create a wild life habitat and landscape bea uty * Wind and Solar Energy (WESTIN HOTEL IN TORONTO: GREEN ENERGY, ONLY HOTEL WHO’S LOBBY RESTAURANTS ARE POWERED 100% GREEN ELECTRICITY, FOR RECYCLING: ALL ORANIC WASTE MATTER IS SENT TO A COMPOST OF SITE. HOTEL IS EQUIPPED WITH RECYCLING BINS IN ALL AREAS & FOUR SEASONS INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATES IN TREE PLANTING DAY) Best practice in Hospitality Maintenance BP: Management can remind housekeeping staff of the three basic rules: Clean, Disinfect, and Deodorize * Cleaning: Wipe surface from one side to another, and dirt removed first before disinfection. * Bucket of solution should be changed frequently eg. Every 3 rooms. * When Cleaning hard floors, use two bucket moping techniques * Use a cleanser appropriate for multiple surfaces * Dilution Control saves time and money- bulk * Shiny floors and vases – use metal polish daily * Provide incentives to staff who pick up trash, sweep corridors, wipe counters and tables (BEST PRACTICES IN HOSPITALITY MAINTENANCE – H2E CORNER) ARUBA MARRIOT CARRIBIAN RESORT PROVIDES HOUSEKEEPING STAFF A FULL WEEK OF FUN WITH BREAKFASTS, DINNERS, GAMES AND PARTIES ON AND OFF PROPERTY TO SHOW APPRECIATION AS AN INCENTIVE) Q: Name five different ways of being able to tell whether you have pests 1. Gnaw Marks 2. Droppings 3. Wall Marks 4. Smell 5. See the Animal 6. Skin Q: What do you do to eliminate them? 1. More air flow where there the air makes the flies go out 2. Fly Lights – sodium lights which keep them off instead of killing them 3. Automatic or spinning doors 4.Weather stripping (the thing at the bottom of the door) 5. Gravel barrier or a grate because pests don’t like uneven surfaces 6. Training staff to understand the importance of closing the door behind them such and pest control Best practice of water management * EPA – began a label called Water Sense that helps the end user identify water-saving products. * Managers being trained and aware of making sure only the best when buyi ng the products * Utilize the service of performance contractors * Minimize water waste and expense has started to become on the best practices.

Cause of Children Obesity: Marketing of Unhealthy Foods Essay

â€Å"Daddy, there it is†¦ please stop,† my kids yell and scream from the back seat of the car as we pass by the signature golden arches of McDonalds. My children recognize the golden arches, the leprechaun on Lucky Charms cereal, and all the characters from Tinkerbell, to Dora to Scooby Doo on all the boxes of fruit snacks. Yet no one is screaming for a stick of cheese, an apple, or a banana at snack time. It’s amazing really, that foods loaded with extra calories, sugar, and fat have a colorful, fun friend attached to enhance their marketing and foods that are healthier like milk, cheese, bread and chicken do not. Everywhere you look from TV, billboards, to creative packaging unhealthy foods are being pushed to our young consumers in an irresistible manner. The US rate for childhood obesity and health issue is at an all-time high and yet we wonder why. The Marketing of unhealthy food to children, has led to the overwhelming health issues in the lives of our present generations. The creative presentation of sugar loaded, calorie laden and salt ridden snacks makes it nearly impossible for parents to offer healthier snacks to their children or to fight obesity with healthier living, therefore leading to the health issues. The advertising of unhealthy foods makes it difficult for parents to encourage healthy eating to children and leads to the obesity of the youth. Unhealthy fast food is posted all over the place and it is designed to grab the attention of the consumer on all levels. In the majority of cases it’s cheap, fast, and convenient and the packaging and presentation makes it almost impossible to say no. There are very few advertisements that focus on healthy choices for kids. I disagree, that the marketing of unhealthy foods makes it impossible for parents to present other alternatives. I do believe that marketing creates more enticing alternatives, but in my opinion it’s ultimately the parents decision what to give a child and no one is forcing them to make that decision. There are plenty of ways to present healthier alternatives to children that make them more appealing, yet they may be more time consuming and at times not seen as being as economical. However, I personally did a little experiment where I compared the amount I spent eating out for an entire week breakfast, lunch and dinner to the amount spent purchasing healthier foods and preparing my meals at home. At the end of the week I had spent $10 less eating at home than I did eating out. Yes, it was more time consuming but as they say anything worth having is worth fighting for and what is a little time when it comes to your children’s health and well-being. The second major issue with creative marketing of unhealthy foods is the difficulty it creates in fighting obesity and promoting a healthier lifestyle. Most favorite snacks and meals that are encouraged are high in calories, salt and sugar which lead excess weight gain and cause non-communicable diseases like high blood pressure and juvenile diabetes. They also are not high in nutritional value, leading to low energy levels, further causing sedentary lifestyles and sluggish behavior. I disagree that marketing alone makes it difficult to encourage healthier living, because more goes into play in healthy living than what you eat alone. I believe that the advancement of technology and generation X, also encourages a very sedentary lifestyle. Young people are not nearly as active as earlier generations because technology puts everything within sitting reach for entertainment, and all the blame can’t rest on big bad food marketing. However with that being pointed out, I do believe it all goes back to parenting. In my opinion parents who encourage more active lifestyles, sports and creative alternatives to gaming systems, laptops and TV help to fight obesity. Taking responsibility for your children’s health, diets and activity levels is part of the responsibility of parenting, and to simply blame it on marketing and fast food restaurants because you don’t want the hassle of saying no repeatedly, standing your ground or being the bad guy is simply a scape goat.

Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry

What is a metaphysical poem? Metaphysical poetry is concerned with the whole experience of man, but the intelligence, learning and seriousness of the poets means that the poetry is about the profound areas of experience especially about love, romantic and sensual; about mans relationship with God the eternal perspective, and, to a less extent, about pleasure, learning and art. Metaphysical poems are lyric poems. They are brief but intense meditations, characterized by striking use of wit, irony and wordplay.Beneath the formal structure (of rhyme, metre and stanza) is the underlying (and often hardly less formal) structure of the poems argument. Note that there may be two (or more) kinds of argument in a poem. In To His Coy Mistress the explicit argument (Marvells request that the coy lady yield to his passion) is a stalking horse for the more serious argument about the transitoriness of pleasure. The outward levity conceals (barely) a deep seriousness of intent.You would be able to show how this theme of carpe diem (â€Å"seize the day†) is made clear in the third section of the poem. Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry ?Startling comparisons or contrasts of a metaphysical (spiritual, transcendant, abstract) quality to a concrete (physical, tangible, sensible) object. In A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, Donne compares the love he shares with his wife to a compass. ?Mockery of sentimental romantic poetry ?Gross exaggeration (hyperbole) ?Presentation of a logical argument.Donne argues that he and his wife will remain together spiritually even though they are apart physically. Metaphysical Poetry The Flea + Sune Rising Metaphysical poets use startling juxtapositions in their poetry to create a greater significance in their arguments and intended meanings throughout the poem. John Donne is said to be the unsurpassed metaphysical poet, metaphysical poetry being poetry relating to a group of 17-century English poets whose verse is typified by an intellectually arduous style, admitting xtended metaphors and comparing very disparate things. In 17th century England new discoveries were being made and social customs such as men being the dominant over women still applied. Through Donnes poetry we can see that he is goaded and confused by the new discoveries and the social customs avert him from reaching his desires. This is incalculably recognized in his two poems, The Sunne Rising and The Flea where Donnes arguments challenge some beliefs of the 17th century England.Through The Sunne Rising we gain a sense of meaning that Donne is irritated and perplexed with new discoveries and that he believes his loveis everything in the whole world. In The Flea we can see Donne challenging the social costumes of the 17th century, such as chastity of women, his tremendous persistence to sexually unite with the woman and the overall dominance presented over the woman. In both of these poems Donne uses vividly striking differences in the argument to emphasize the overall meaning of the poem.These dramatic contrasts include conceit, binary opposition, imagery, specific words and the movement of the poem, which are additionally affirmed by poetic devices. The Sunne Rising implies that when a couple unearths perfect love together they become one, shaping a world of their own, which has no need for the outside world. He suggests that even the physical laws of the universe must defer to those persons caught up in the larger universe of infatuation. We also see Donne is going through a struggle of the old and new during the poem.In the Sunne Rising Donne uses a number of dramatic.. . Metaphysical Poetry Metaphysical poetry, a term coined by Samuel Johnson, has its roots in 17th-century England. This type of poetry is witty, ingenious, and highly philosophical. It topics included love, life and existence. It used literary elements of similes, metaphors, imagery, paradoxes, conceit, and far-fetched views of reality. John Donne is regarded as the â€Å"leading poet† of this highly intellectual form of poetry.Donne was influenced by the belief that the precision of beauty in the adored (loved one) behaved as a commemoration of ideal beauty in the everlasting kingdom (heaven). He also used unconventional and colloquial rhythm and tone, which was highly contrary to the Elizabethan poetry style. Metaphysical poets : The name given to a diverse group of 17th? century English poets whose work is notable for its ingenious use of intellectual and theological concepts in surprising conceits, strange paradoxes, and far? fetched imagery.The leading metaphysical poet was John Donne, whosecolloquial, argumentative abruptness of rhythm and tone distinguishes his style from the conventions of Elizabethan love? lyrics. Other poets to whom the label is applied include Andrew Marvell, Abraham Cowley, John Cleveland, and the predominantly religious poets George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, and Richard Crashaw. In the 20th century, T. S. Eliot and others revived their reputation, stressing their quality of wit, in the sense of intellectual strenuousness and flexibility rather than smart humour. The term metaphysical poetry usually refers to the works of these poets, but it can sometimes denote any poetry that discusses metaphysics, that is, the philosophy of knowledge and existence. John Donne, is remembered today as the leading exponent of a style of verse known as metaphysical poetry†. Metaphysical poetry typically employs unusual verse forms, complex figures of speech applied to elaborate and surprising metaphorical conceits, and learned themes discussed according to eccentric and

Prepare an annotated bibliography on the Asia-Pacific maritime

Prepare an on the Asia-Pacific maritime disputes, boundaries, strategy or security issues - Annotated Bibliography Example Emmers’ tries to identify different catalysts to help in conflict management in order to improve relations between the countries. This journal article portrays the condition of maritime coalitions in the region of Asia Pacific and the potential they have in safeguarding vessels out at sea that are crucial to the security of energy in those areas. This journal highlights the different types of the latest correlations to ensure Maritime security. In addition It also addresses the â€Å"1000 ship Navy/Global Maritime Partnership† which is the current initiative taken by the U.S. Navy. The article also underlines the focus or stand taken by the U.S. on the best way to deal with international maritime partnerships with the hope of increasing maritime security in the region of the Asia Pacific. The highlights of this article deal with the marine living resources such as fish and other marine animals. In addition, it emphasizes the importance conservation and management of these resources in order to enhance migration and population by finding better methods of decreasing pollution brought on by industrial wastes and human squalor. It also speaks of the inadequate law enforcement which has an adverse effect on the conservational and management practices of these Marie resources. This report was a conference that took place in Singapore in 2004. The Conference highlighted many facts such as piracy and terrorism that involved passenger liners and tankers placed in the highest zone of the maritime environment. It stated that Maritime security was vital to the stability and progress of the Asia Pacific countries. Most of the speakers stressed on the fact that more stringent mechanisms have to be developed and adapted in order to be read prepared for any eventual threat. The paper is an argument of the Spratly dispute that depicts the different signs of de-escalation that has taken place the past few years. It

Bojangles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bojangles - Essay Example Here in this place, his tap lessons were learned and became 'Bojangles'. In this particular place, he learned the ways to earn a living through dancing and entertaining in local beer gardens, worked as bootblack and danced in public passing a hat around. Here in this place, he experienced maturity against life's challenges which gave him the courage to go and explore possibilities. At age 12, he left Richmond and rode a freight train to Washington, DC. Starting his journey of self-sufficiency as race track worker, Robinson took the road in hard work. After the first taste of professional show business gig in The South before the War and enlisting himself during World War I serving as the drum major of the 369th Infantry Regiment, the so-called "Harlem Hellfighters.", Robinson was determined to be a performer. This foot-work driven undaunted by the then racial discrimination managed to catch the limelight of entertainment amidst the world of white racial dominance in New York City. Among his achievements, he became George W. Cooper's foil, became solo performer and became famous for his debut tap stair dance. To become a show headliner, some of his gimmicks planned together with his manager Marty Forkins include setting a world's record in the backwards 75-yard dash (in 8.2 seconds) beating athletes and won sports world attention. He was offered Broadway shows and was able to enrapture the audience with his performance. Such kind of performance even made its way to New York's 1939 World's Fair. His entertainment skills also provided him the means to invade film industry with the movie phenomenon Shirley Temple. Having grown in poor conditions but managed to live decently, Robinson was able to earn his living using his talents of entertainment, a skill he learned in his childhood. Having known poverty, he was kind hearted and had lived generously both in spending, gambling and in charity works. He was known to donate in kind and in deeds to several organizations and foundations and also in Richmond. His gambling addiction and unsystematic charity works were said to drain his wealth such that he died poor despite of his million dollars earnings during his more than fifty-year show business career. His interests in this lavish spending and gambling episodes can be traced back to the time when he was just a boy earning his penny and spending his time in corner streets. Though a compulsive gambler, he did not drink. Robinson's tasteful dressing was also one of the most notable characteristic. In his sixties, Robinson was far from a kid who tap danced to earn pennies; he had achieved wealth and fame in a racist society. Instead of opting for retirement he continued to perform. He lived a principle of hardwork in his performances, "what success I achieved in the theater is due to the fact that I have always worked just as hard when there were ten people in the house as when there were thousands. Just as hard in Springfield, Illinois, as on Broadway" to quote him. The circumstance in which he was forced into retirement even culminates in his major benefit for the American Heart Association, held at the Copacabana, in New York City, a month before his seventieth birthday. After doing extra, more vigorous steps than the standard routine, he suffered a massive heart attack backstage.